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1959年11月5日,美国的大学生们依然对卡斯特罗充满着狂热的崇拜,但是国务卿赫脱向总统提出“美国当前对古巴政策”,建议美国应“鼓励古巴境内和拉丁美洲各地来反对卡斯特罗政权的极端主义的反美方针”,“改变卡斯特罗政权”;同一天,极力讨好苏联人但是在国内政权不稳的捷克斯洛伐克总统诺沃提尼到上海电机厂参观访问;同一天,安东尼奥尼的《奇遇》剧组在遭遇了诸多磨难(在人迹罕至的岛屿上差点人财两失)和严重拖期后,终于因前作《喊叫》的受好评而收到公司支持继续拍摄的喜讯,这部电影得以拍成至今仍被称颂。
就在这一天晚上,两个尚在假释期的美国流浪汉闯进了堪萨斯州霍尔科姆镇的农场主赫伯特·威廉·克拉特的家,他们想搞在此一笔钱然后远走他乡,最后杀害了农场主一家四口。
案件告破后,纽约著名作家杜鲁门·卡波特前往采访此案,并与1965年出版了《In Cold Blood》,中译名《冷血》。2005年,由菲利普•塞尔兹•霍夫曼主演的影片《Capote》上映,并凭此在翌年夺得奥斯卡男主角,同年获奖的还有最佳导演李安,以及最佳影片《撞车》。
2006年上映了一部同题材电影《声名狼藉》,新科007丹尼尔·克雷格参演,并有诸多大牌客串。两部片子的内容相仿,都不是改编自《冷血》,而是讲述卡波特采访、写作《冷血》的过程,是根据卡波特传记改编的。我前几年先看了《声名狼藉》,一直念念不忘,今年又找出来看了一遍,然后看了《卡波特》,把小说也找出来看了一遍。两部电影难分伯仲,霍夫曼演得更好一些,《声名狼藉》整体更好一些。小说是我第一次在电脑上看书,看得时间太长,而且我现在养成了一个坏毛病,对翻译作品的成色疑神疑鬼的。
《冷血》是部出色的小说,我不知道它是不是可以达到著作的等级,因为在我看来它不管多么出色,有一个显然的缺陷是不可忽视的:以真实案例作为蓝本。用真事来写作可以让作品更有力量和说服力,但同时也有局限性,缺乏创造力。如果抛开这一层,《冷血》无疑是一部可以载入史册的小说。
我喜欢它的叙述方式,线路清楚,干练有力,既然大家都知道要说一个什么样的故事,那就慢慢说起来。这是一部优雅的小说,有一些冷漠,有一点哀伤。作家没有融进事情,那样容易显得燥郁烦闷;也没有太远,那样会显得冷酷。近了会失真,远了会让所有的描述都像是冷酷的嘲讽。我非常敬佩这个距离,只有选定了位置,才会发现眼前是风景还是废墟。如何保持悲悯的距离是门学问。
电影在简单描述了案情之后,把时间都耗费了在卡波特身上。卡波特是上流社交圈中的尤物,他是交际花,快乐的发起人,讲段子,每句话都引人发笑,是每个人倾吐心事的对象,他是那么可爱,不会伤害任何人。但是他是一个成就斐然的作家,他在《蒂凡尼的早餐》中打开了上流社会的后窗。他温和而敏感,洞悉世事,喜欢交际圈的生活,但是并不盲目,明了这种圈子的表象下的真实面目。在那样的生活中保持观察者的角度,能够从容驾驭,这太了不起了。经常撤身一步来审视自己所处的生活,并且冷静的做出评判,是一件痛苦的事情。卡波特看透了身边的这些人,但是依然可以真诚的去和他们相处,不虚伪矫饰。
他长得难看,声音难听,还是个同性恋,有一个糟糕透顶的家庭,那个家庭给了他一个灾难的童年,之后就再也没给过他什么,从少年时代开始就一个人面对这一切——看看他,我想我没什么理由可抱怨的了。但是他可以和所有人相处融洽,好像没有人不喜欢他,他像个怪胎,也可以说是奇迹。
《冷血》在结尾部分用了相当的篇幅来介绍作案人的精神病鉴定状况,并且明显的流露出不满。两部电影都颇为尊敬的正面描述了卡波特和作案人之一佩里发生的同性恋情,多多少少从侧面道出了卡波特的立场并不是那么客观。他怜爱佩里,帮助他们不停地上诉来拖延死刑的执行,但是他又不得不以他们的故事为蓝本写一本尽可能客观的书,他们不执行死刑,他就无法完成这本书。卡波特被折磨的崩溃了,拒绝了最后一次帮忙的请求,并且去现场目睹了死刑的执行。自此憔悴。
我非常喜欢路遥,《人生》无论是小说还是电影都是最好的之一,但是我也只看了《人生》,连《平凡的世界》都没看。太苦了。他去世的时候我都感到了解脱,这人心里装了这么多苦活得太遭罪了。后来我结识了一个电视台编辑,她家和路遥家是世交。路遥婚前的生活糟糕,婚后的生活更糟糕,病的时候挺惨的。
卡波特在佩里的身上看到了多少自己呢?虽然佩里必定无法逃脱死刑,但是如果他继续资助,那么佩里还可以多活几年。虽然他做出了选择,无所谓对或者错的选择,但是都无法开释一个抉择者的自责。
对身处其中的生活做出不留情的切割之后,如何一转身就自然的投入其中呢?
生活在别处,那么生活和别处之间的距离要怎样才可以保持呼吸的温度呢?
路遥一直走向了别处,再也没有回来;卡波特无法维持温度,慢慢变冷了。
就到这里,这就是结尾,说不下去了。
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