看不见的张献民(娄烨文)
记得是个拍摄休息日,那是在柏林,在河边的?酒店的过道里,我,张献民,玲玲(李缇的扮演者),晓冬(周伟的扮演者),花清(摄影师),英力(我妻子和联合编剧之一),大家随便地坐在地上喝酒聊天,外面阳光明媚,那是在2005年的5月,我们正在拍摄《夏宫》的柏林部分。我们聊的是前一天晚上一起和北岛、李陀在一个中国餐馆喝酒的事情,张献民当着所有人的面开玩笑说,昨天晚上,整个晚上都是英力和北岛的打情骂俏。他就是这样的说话,大家可能都已经习惯了。而就在那个过道里,我们讨论了《夏宫》剧本中即将拍摄的关于李缇在柏林死亡的段落,以及之后的几个主人公的未来,他说他所扮演的若谷应该失踪。然后他说他用英文写了一段文字作为李缇的悼词,而那悼词实际上就是《夏宫》影片结尾的墓志铭的基础。也就是在那个过道里,我向他许诺我要写一篇关于他的文章,标题是《看不见的张献民》,他说行。
之后一直是乱七八糟的事情,柏林5月1日左派游行的复杂和冒险的拍摄,然后是北京后期,德黑兰的音乐制作,巴黎的后期、戛纳的风波,以及复杂的国际销售工作,然后是跟电影局的谈判破裂,我和耐安被禁拍5年,然后是再一次的国际媒体的采访风潮,没什么国内媒体,因为他们都收到了禁令,象在戛纳一样,都挺听话的。
再见到他是我正准备离开北京的前几天,他给我电话说他想就禁拍的事说些话,并强调,不存在支持,只是从知识分子角度发表一些意见。我说行,就跟他见面了,在座的还有郝健,他向我说了他想做的事情,我当然觉得很好,他说他不报任何希望,他认为不太会有人呼应,因为他认为电影行业是一个“婊子行业”,而他只是出于一种知识分子的责任驱使,并不想有什么结果,我没说什么。我说我要离开一段时间,因为已经接受了美国爱荷华大学聂华苓女士创建的“IWP”(国际写作计划)的邀请,他说也许我可以在那儿写一些东西,比如为什么拍《夏宫》之类的,我在爱荷华大学的两个多月,除了两个剧本的写作工作以外没有写关于《夏宫》的任何东西。而在离开爱荷华大学的时候,突然想写这样的一篇文章,也算是兑现诺言吧。
我跟张献民是完全两类人,我不喜欢说,我喜欢做,并对说的人不屑一顾,而跟张献民在一起的日子让我觉得说也是重要的,让我觉得说实际上也是一种做。
我记得在柏林拍摄期间的一个休息日,他和晓冬出去逛街同时回酒店,晓冬买了一大堆衣服给我看,而他却给我看他在Checkpoint Charlie博物馆买的画册。我后来在结束柏林拍摄并送走所有剧组成员之后一个人去了一次Checkpoint Charlie博物馆,当时博物馆里的那些照片让我想哭,现在还记得在“动荡的东欧”部分还有中文的标题写着:“己所不欲,勿施与人”。为此我将Checkpoint Charlie博物馆留在了影片里,在若谷送周伟去机场的车上,在背景上一闪而过,这要感谢张献民。
他很像若谷(《夏宫》里面的人物),平和、无力但却有一种内在的坚持在那里,这坚持实际上很坚强。比很多好像在做实际事情的人坚强,而对于这样的评介,我能想象他会一笑了之,认为可能是一些不靠谱艺术家冲动之后随便说说的,信才怪呢。你可能有时候感觉他这个人很冷,经常用讽刺的方式开玩笑,让人觉得尴尬,不快,难受,或是不能马上知道他为什么这样做的原因,但实际上,你过段时间慢慢地就会懂得他为什么那样去说,那样去做,他也不着急非得让你明白什么,爱懂不懂,随你便,没关系,没我什么事,这就是张献民。
然后是在釜山,他给我看后窗的他的关于禁拍的文字,以及很多的回应,匆匆忙忙的,很浮躁,于是我也浮躁起来,说我需要给大家一个回复,哪怕从礼貌角度,于是就有了请他代发“釜山呼吁”的事情。他居然会主动约见釜山电影节负责人,直接告诉他们,如果他们支持《夏宫》,如果他们提供给我特别新闻发布的话,会对釜山电影节和中国官方的关系有所损害。这是张献民的方式。
最终,象在戛纳一样,虽然我可以,但是我没有要求任何的特别新闻发布,因为我还是觉得说没有太大的作用。可是可能很多人不太喜欢张献民的方式,他总是把最坏的结果,最悲观的后果,最尴尬的事实在第一时间直接告诉你。然后他不管,随你,没他什么事了,他的工作好像完成了,这好多时候让人不快。所以他可能很不太讨好,不讨任何人的好。因为他总是告诉你一些坏消息。所以,大家可能总是不愿意听到坏消息,总是喜欢在好消息里高兴,所以可能很多人不喜欢张献民,所以张献民总是被视而不见。
当事人一定知道他为2003年的11月份七位电影人上书电影局,促成电影局和独立电影人的首次对话做了多少工作。为解禁导演做了多少工作,为地下的那些他认为更有必要帮助的更不知名的独立电影导演作了多少工作,为那些没有人关心的独立电影,纪录片的放映,以及向国际电影节和电影基金机构推荐做了多少工作。为了促进电影分级的尽快实施,召集三十多位独立导演的会议做了多少工作。好多事情他完全可以不管,没他什么事儿,但他管,他说,他做,梅峰(《夏宫》的编剧之一)说张献民真不简单,我同意。我也知道他可能很多时候很失望,可能很伤感,可能很悲观,但他还继续的在管,在说,在做。
幸亏他继续管,继续说,继续做,真的愿他能这样一直下去。
其实,仔细想想,在我们的生活中,有很多人是看不见的,他们并不像导演,明星那样,生活里大部分人是看不见的,但实际上他们一直在做一些看不见的事情,他们的工作是要让那些看不见的事情变成看得见的事情,然后他们的任务就算是完成了,因为他们的之后的工作会由那些看得见的人继续去做下去,因为有很多人乐于做那些看得见的事情,而对于张献民们,一旦一件事情被看见了,他们可能就会失去了兴趣,而继续转向到那些还没有被看见的事情上去了,于是这些人继续他们的不被看见的生活和写他们的看不见的历史。
我们真的应该庆幸在今天在我们的生活中还有看不见的历史,还有关心看不见的历史的那些看不见的人们。但愿这篇短文继续让张献民不被看见。
娄 烨
于美国爱荷华大学
2006-11-07 凌晨
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